Laravel Cheat Sheet

# PHP 8.1+ dan extensions yang diperluin:
# - BCMath
# - Ctype
# - JSON
# - Mbstring
# - OpenSSL
# - PDO
# - Tokenizer
# - XML

# Via Composer
composer create-project laravel/laravel example-app
 
# Masuk ke folder
cd example-app
 
# Jalanin development server
php artisan serve
 
# Dengan Laravel Sail (Docker)
./vendor/bin/sail up

# Copy .env example
cp .env.example .env
 
# Generate application key
php artisan key:generate
 
# Konfigurasi database di .env
DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravel
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=

// Ambil nilai config
$value = config('app.name');
 
// Ambil dengan nilai default
$value = config('app.timezone', 'Asia/Jakarta');
 
// Set config saat runtime
config(['app.locale' => 'id']);

// .env file
APP_DEBUG=true // Development
APP_DEBUG=false // Production

# Aktifin maintenance mode
php artisan down
 
# Dengan pesan custom
php artisan down --message="Lagi maintenance bentar" --retry=60
 
# Matiin maintenance mode
php artisan up

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
 
// Route GET
Route::get('/users', function () {
  return 'Users list';
});
 
// Route POST
Route::post('/users', function () {
  // Create user
});
 
// Route PUT/PATCH
Route::put('/users/{id}', function ($id) {
  // Update user
});
 
// Route DELETE
Route::delete('/users/{id}', function ($id) {
  // Hapus user
});
 
// Multiple method
Route::match(['get', 'post'], '/users', function () {
  //
});
 
// Semua HTTP method
Route::any('/users', function () {
  //
});

// Parameter wajib
Route::get('/users/{id}', function ($id) {
  return "User ID: $id";
});
 
// Parameter opsional
Route::get('/users/{name?}', function ($name = 'Guest') {
  return "Hello, $name";
});
 
// Banyak parameter
Route::get('/posts/{post}/comments/{comment}', function ($postId, $commentId) {
  //
});
 
// Constraint regex
Route::get('/users/{id}', function ($id) {
  //
})->where('id', '[0-9]+');
 
Route::get('/users/{name}', function ($name) {
  //
})->where('name', '[A-Za-z]+');

// Bikin named route
Route::get('/dashboard', function () {
  //
})->name('dashboard');
 
// Generate URL
$url = route('dashboard');
 
// Redirect to named route
return redirect()->route('dashboard');
 
// Dengan parameter
Route::get('/users/{id}', function ($id) {
  //
})->name('users.show');
 
$url = route('users.show', ['id' => 1]);

// Group middleware
Route::middleware(['auth'])->group(function () {
  Route::get('/dashboard', function () {
    //
  });
});
 
// Group dengan prefix
Route::prefix('admin')->group(function () {
  Route::get('/users', function () {
    // /admin/users
  });
});
 
// Prefix nama
Route::name('admin.')->group(function () {
  Route::get('/users', function () {
    //
  })->name('users'); // admin.users
});
 
// Gabungan
Route::middleware(['auth'])
  ->prefix('admin')
  ->name('admin.')
  ->group(function () {
    Route::get('/dashboard', function () {
      //
    })->name('dashboard'); // admin.dashboard
  });

// Binding otomatis
Route::get('/users/{user}', function (App\Models\User $user) {
  return $user->email;
});
 
// Key custom
Route::get('/posts/{post:slug}', function (App\Models\Post $post) {
  return $post;
});
 
// Binding custom in RouteServiceProvider
public function boot()
{
  Route::model('user', User::class);
 
  Route::bind('user', function ($value) {
    return User::where('name', $value)->firstOrFail();
  });
}

# Basic controller
php artisan make:controller UserController
 
# Resource controller
php artisan make:controller UserController --resource
 
# API resource controller
php artisan make:controller UserController --api

namespace App\Http\Controllers;
 
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 
class UserController extends Controller
{
  public function index()
  {
    $users = User::all();
    return view('users.index', compact('users'));
  }
 
  public function show($id)
  {
    $user = User::findOrFail($id);
    return view('users.show', compact('user'));
  }
}

// Route
Route::resource('users', UserController::class);
 
// Generated routes:
// GET /users - index()
// GET /users/create - create()
// POST /users - store()
// GET /users/{user} - show()
// GET /users/{user}/edit - edit()
// PUT/PATCH /users/{user} - update()
// DELETE /users/{user} - destroy()

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 
Route::post('/users', function (Request $request) {
  // Get single value
  $name = $request->input('name');
 
  // With default
  $name = $request->input('name', 'Guest');
 
  // Get all input
  $input = $request->all();
 
  // Only specific fields
  $input = $request->only(['name', 'email']);
 
  // Except specific fields
  $input = $request->except(['password']);
 
  // Check if input exists
  if ($request->has('name')) {
    //
  }
});

<!-- In forms -->
<form method="POST" action="/users">
  @csrf
  <!-- form fields -->
</form>

// Exclude routes from CSRF (in app/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php)
protected $except = [
  'stripe/*',
  'webhook/*',
];

Route::post('/upload', function (Request $request) {
  // Cek apakah file ada
  if ($request->hasFile('photo')) {
    $file = $request->file('photo');
 
    // Simpan file
    $path = $file->store('photos');
    $path = $file->store('photos', 's3'); // disk berbeda
 
    // Simpan dengan nama custom
    $path = $file->storeAs('photos', 'filename.jpg');
 
    // Ambil info file
    $extension = $file->extension();
    $size = $file->getSize();
    $originalName = $file->getClientOriginalName();
  }
});

Route::post('/users', function (Request $request) {
  $validated = $request->validate([
    'name' => 'required|max:255',
    'email' => 'required|email|unique:users',
    'password' => 'required|min:8|confirmed',
    'age' => 'required|integer|min:18',
    'website' => 'nullable|url',
    'avatar' => 'nullable|image|max:2048',
  ]);
 
  // Data is valid, create user
  User::create($validated);
});

// Field wajib
'name' => 'required'
 
// Email
'email' => 'email'
 
// Unique di database
'email' => 'unique:users,email'
 
// Min/Max
'password' => 'min:8|max:20'
'age' => 'integer|min:18|max:100'
 
// Confirmed (field password_confirmation)
'password' => 'confirmed'
 
// Validasi file
'avatar' => 'image|mimes:jpg,png|max:2048'
 
// Validasi tanggal
'birth_date' => 'date|before:today'
'start_date' => 'date|after:tomorrow'
 
// Array
'tags' => 'array|min:1|max:5'
'tags.*' => 'string|max:50'
 
// Boolean
'accept_terms' => 'required|boolean'
 
// Di dalam array
'role' => 'in:admin,editor,viewer'
 
// Regular expression
'username' => 'regex:/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$/'

$request->validate([
  'name' => 'required|max:255',
  'email' => 'required|email',
], [
  'name.required' => 'Nama harus diisi dong!',
  'email.required' => 'Email jangan lupa!',
  'email.email' => 'Format email salah nih.',
]);

@if ($errors->any())
  <div class="alert alert-danger">
    <ul>
      @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
        <li>{{ $error }}</li>
      @endforeach
    </ul>
  </div>
@endif
 
<!-- Single field error -->
@error('email')
  <div class="alert">{{ $message }}</div>
@enderror

// Return view
return view('welcome');
 
// With data
return view('users.profile', ['name' => 'John']);
 
// Or use compact
$name = 'John';
return view('users.profile', compact('name'));
 
// With method
return view('users.profile')->with('name', 'John');

<!-- Variables -->
<h1>Hello, {{ $name }}</h1>
 
<!-- Unescaped (hati-hati XSS!) -->
{!! $html !!}
 
<!-- Comments -->
{{-- This is a comment --}}
 
<!-- Conditionals -->
@if ($user->isAdmin())
  <p>Admin user</p>
@elseif ($user->isModerator())
  <p>Moderator</p>
@else
  <p>Regular user</p>
@endif
 
<!-- Unless -->
@unless ($user->isAdmin())
  <p>Not an admin</p>
@endunless
 
<!-- Isset & Empty -->
@isset($name)
  <p>Name is set</p>
@endisset
 
@empty($records)
  <p>No records</p>
@endempty
 
<!-- Authentication -->
@auth
  <p>User is logged in</p>
@endauth
 
@guest
  <p>Please login</p>
@endguest

<!-- Foreach -->
@foreach ($users as $user)
  <p>{{ $user->name }}</p>
@endforeach
 
<!-- For -->
@for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++)
  <p>Number {{ $i }}</p>
@endfor
 
<!-- While -->
@while (true)
  <p>Looping...</p>
@endwhile
 
<!-- Forelse (with empty check) -->
@forelse ($users as $user)
  <p>{{ $user->name }}</p>
@empty
  <p>No users found</p>
@endforelse
 
<!-- Loop variable -->
@foreach ($users as $user)
  @if ($loop->first)
    <p>First iteration</p>
  @endif
 
  <p>{{ $loop->index }}: {{ $user->name }}</p>
 
  @if ($loop->last)
    <p>Last iteration</p>
  @endif
@endforeach

<!-- resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>@yield('title', 'Default Title')</title>
</head>
<body>
  @yield('content')
 
  @stack('scripts')
</body>
</html>
 
<!-- resources/views/users/profile.blade.php -->
@extends('layouts.app')
 
@section('title', 'User Profile')
 
@section('content')
  <h1>User Profile</h1>
  <p>Welcome, {{ $name }}</p>
@endsection
 
@push('scripts')
  <script src="/js/profile.js"></script>
@endpush

<!-- Include subview -->
@include('partials.header')
 
<!-- With data -->
@include('partials.user-card', ['user' => $user])

# Create migration
php artisan make:migration create_users_table
 
# Run migrations
php artisan migrate
 
# Rollback
php artisan migrate:rollback
 
# Reset (rollback semua)
php artisan migrate:reset
 
# Fresh (drop semua table + migrate)
php artisan migrate:fresh
 
# Refresh (rollback + migrate)
php artisan migrate:refresh

# Model aja
php artisan make:model User
 
# Model + migration
php artisan make:model User -m
 
# Model + migration + controller
php artisan make:model User -mc
 
# Model + migration + controller + resource
php artisan make:model User -mcr
 
# All (migration, factory, seeder, controller)
php artisan make:model User --all

use App\Models\User;
 
// Get all
$users = User::all();
 
// Find by ID
$user = User::find(1);
$user = User::findOrFail(1); // Throw exception if not found
 
// Where clauses
$users = User::where('active', 1)->get();
$users = User::where('votes', '>', 100)->get();
$users = User::where('name', 'like', '%john%')->get();
 
// Multiple where
$users = User::where('active', 1)
  ->where('votes', '>', 100)
  ->get();
 
// Or where
$users = User::where('votes', '>', 100)
  ->orWhere('name', 'John')
  ->get();
 
// Order by
$users = User::orderBy('name', 'asc')->get();
$users = User::latest()->get(); // Order by created_at desc
$users = User::oldest()->get(); // Order by created_at asc
 
// Limit
$users = User::take(5)->get();
$users = User::limit(5)->get();
 
// First
$user = User::where('active', 1)->first();
$user = User::firstOrFail(); // Throw if not found

// Create
$user = User::create([
  'name' => 'John Doe',
  'email' => 'john@example.com',
  'password' => bcrypt('password'),
]);
 
// Find and update
$user = User::find(1);
$user->name = 'Jane Doe';
$user->save();
 
// Mass update
User::where('active', 0)->update(['active' => 1]);
 
// Update or create
User::updateOrCreate(
  ['email' => 'john@example.com'], // Kriteria pencarian
  ['name' => 'John Doe'] // Nilai yang di-update
);

// Hapus lewat model
$user = User::find(1);
$user->delete();
 
// Hapus lewat query
User::where('active', 0)->delete();
 
// Destroy pake ID
User::destroy(1);
User::destroy([1, 2, 3]);
User::destroy(1, 2, 3);

// One to One
class User extends Model
{
  public function phone()
  {
    return $this->hasOne(Phone::class);
  }
}
 
// One to Many
class Post extends Model
{
  public function comments()
  {
    return $this->hasMany(Comment::class);
  }
}
 
// Belongs To
class Comment extends Model
{
  public function post()
  {
    return $this->belongsTo(Post::class);
  }
}
 
// Many to Many
class User extends Model
{
  public function roles()
  {
    return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class);
  }
}

// Via request
$request->session()->put('key', 'value');
 
// Via helper
session(['key' => 'value']);
 
// Flash data (cuma satu request)
$request->session()->flash('message', 'Data saved!');

// Via request
$value = $request->session()->get('key');
$value = $request->session()->get('key', 'default');
 
// Via helper
$value = session('key');
$value = session('key', 'default');
 
// Get all
$data = $request->session()->all();

// Cek apakah ada
if ($request->session()->has('key')) {
  //
}
 
// Hapus
$request->session()->forget('key');
$request->session()->forget(['key1', 'key2']);
 
// Clear semua
$request->session()->flush();

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
 
// Log levels
Log::emergency($message);
Log::alert($message);
Log::critical($message);
Log::error($message);
Log::warning($message);
Log::notice($message);
Log::info($message);
Log::debug($message);
 
// With context
Log::info('User login', ['id' => $user->id]);

# List all commands
php artisan list
 
# Help for command
php artisan help migrate
 
# Clear cache
php artisan cache:clear
php artisan config:clear
php artisan route:clear
php artisan view:clear
 
# Optimize
php artisan optimize
php artisan config:cache
php artisan route:cache
php artisan view:cache
 
# Queue
php artisan queue:work
php artisan queue:listen
php artisan queue:restart
 
# Storage link
php artisan storage:link

# Cache config
php artisan config:cache
 
# Cache routes
php artisan route:cache
 
# Cache views
php artisan view:cache
 
# Optimize autoloader
composer install --optimize-autoloader --no-dev
 
# Optimize application
php artisan optimize

# Set to production
APP_ENV=production
APP_DEBUG=false
 
# Generate app key (kalo belum)
php artisan key:generate