SEO Cheat Sheet

#SEO Fundamentals

#Title Tags

<!-- Good title -->
<title>Keyword Phrase - Brand Name | Category</title>
<title>Belajar JavaScript untuk Pemula - Tutorial Lengkap 2025 | BelajarKoding</title>

Best Practices:

• 50-60 characters
• Include primary keyword
• Brand name di akhir
• Unique per page
• Compelling & click-worthy

#Meta Description

<meta name="description" content="Panduan lengkap belajar JavaScript dari nol. Tutorial step-by-step, code examples, dan best practices untuk pemula.">

Best Practices:

• 150-160 characters
• Include keyword
• Call-to-action
• Accurate & relevant
• Unique per page

#Heading Structure

<h1>Main Topic (Primary Keyword)</h1>
 
<h2>Major Section (Secondary Keyword)</h2>
 <h3>Subsection</h3>
 <h3>Subsection</h3>
 
<h2>Major Section</h2>
 <h3>Subsection</h3>

Rules:

• One H1 per page
• Logical hierarchy (don't skip levels)
• Include keywords naturally
• Descriptive & relevant

#URL Structure

Good URLs:
https://example.com/blog/seo-basics-beginners
https://example.com/products/wireless-headphones
 
Bad URLs:
https://example.com/p?id=123&cat=5
https://example.com/2024/11/20/post-title-here-123

Best Practices:

• Short & descriptive
• Include keyword
• Use hyphens (not underscores)
• Lowercase only
• Avoid parameters

#Image Optimization

<img
 src="javascript-tutorial.webp"
 alt="JavaScript code example showing arrow function syntax"
 width="800"
 height="600"
 loading="lazy"
/>

Checklist:

• Descriptive filenames
• Alt text with keywords (natural!)
• Compress images (WebP format)
• Specify dimensions
• Lazy loading

#Open Graph Meta Tags

<!-- Facebook/LinkedIn -->
<meta property="og:title" content="SEO Guide for Beginners">
<meta property="og:description" content="Complete SEO tutorial...">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://example.com/og-image.jpg">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://example.com/seo-guide">
<meta property="og:type" content="article">
 
<!-- Twitter -->
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image">
<meta name="twitter:title" content="SEO Guide for Beginners">
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Complete SEO tutorial...">
<meta name="twitter:image" content="https://example.com/twitter-image.jpg">

#Canonical Tags

<!-- Prevent duplicate content -->
<link rel="canonical" href="https://example.com/original-page">

Use when:

• Multiple URLs for same content
• Pagination
• Sort/filter parameters

#Structured Data (Schema)

<script type="application/ld+json">
{
 "@context": "https://schema.org",
 "@type": "Article",
 "headline": "SEO Guide for Beginners",
 "author": {
  "@type": "Person",
  "name": "Galih Pratama"
 },
 "datePublished": "2025-11-20",
 "dateModified": "2025-11-20",
 "image": "https://example.com/image.jpg",
 "publisher": {
  "@type": "Organization",
  "name": "BelajarKoding",
  "logo": {
   "@type": "ImageObject",
   "url": "https://example.com/logo.png"
  }
 }
}
</script>

Common Schema Types:

• Article
• Product
• Recipe
• FAQ
• BreadcrumbList
• Organization
• LocalBusiness

#Sitemap.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<urlset xmlns="http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9">
 <url>
  <loc>https://example.com/</loc>
  <lastmod>2025-11-20</lastmod>
  <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
  <priority>1.0</priority>
 </url>
 <url>
  <loc>https://example.com/blog/seo-guide</loc>
  <lastmod>2025-11-20</lastmod>
  <changefreq>weekly</changefreq>
  <priority>0.8</priority>
 </url>
</urlset>

Submit to: Google Search Console

#Robots.txt

User-agent: *
Allow: /
Disallow: /admin/
Disallow: /api/
Disallow: /private/
 
Sitemap: https://example.com/sitemap.xml

#Internal Linking

<!-- Good anchor text -->
<a href="/artikel/typescript-fundamentals">Learn TypeScript basics</a>
 
<!-- Bad anchor text -->
<a href="/artikel/typescript-fundamentals">Click here</a>

Best Practices:

• Descriptive anchor text
• Link to relevant pages
• 2-5 internal links per page
• Natural placement
• Use dofollow (default)

#Core Web Vitals

Catatan: INP replaced FID as a Core Web Vital in March 2024.

Improve LCP:

• Optimize images
• Use CDN
• Lazy load offscreen content
• Minify CSS/JS

Improve INP:

• Minimize JavaScript
• Break up long tasks
• Optimize event handlers
• Use web workers

Improve CLS:

• Add width/height to images/videos
• Avoid inserting content above existing
• Use transform animations

#Mobile Optimization

<!-- Required viewport meta -->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">

Checklist:

• Responsive design
• Touch-friendly (44x44px minimum)
• Readable text (16px minimum)
• No horizontal scrolling
• Fast load time

#HTTPS

https://example.com
http://example.com

Why:

• Ranking signal
• Builds trust
• Required for PWA
• Secures user data

#Keyword Research

Tools:

• Google Autocomplete (free)
• Google Search Console (free)
• Ubersuggest (limited free)
• Answer the Public (free)
• Ahrefs (paid)
• SEMrush (paid)

Types:

• Short-tail: "SEO" (high volume, high competition)
• Long-tail: "SEO tips for beginner blogs" (low volume, low competition)

Target long-tail for easier wins!

#Content Optimization

E-E-A-T Principles:

• Experience - First-hand experience
• Expertise - Subject knowledge
• Authoritativeness - Recognized authority
• Trustworthiness - Accurate & honest

Content Checklist:

• Original & unique
• Comprehensive (1500+ words for blog)
• Keyword in first 100 words
• Proper heading structure
• Internal links (2-5)
• External links to authority sites
• Images with alt text
• Easy to read (short paragraphs)
• Updated regularly

#Backlinks

Quality Factors:

• Domain authority (high DA better)
• Relevance (same niche/topic)
• Dofollow vs Nofollow
• Anchor text diversity
• Link placement (content > sidebar)

How to Get Backlinks:

• Create linkable content
• Guest posting
• Broken link building
• Resource pages
• HARO (Help A Reporter Out)
• Collaborations

Avoid:

• Buying links
• Link farms
• Excessive exchanges
• Spammy comments

#Local SEO

Google Business Profile:

• Claim & verify listing
• Complete all info (NAP)
• Choose accurate categories
• Add photos
• Get reviews
• Post regularly

Local Keywords:

"coffee shop jakarta"
"web developer surabaya"
"dentist near me"

Local Citations:

• Google Business Profile
• Bing Places
• Yelp
• Local directories

#Next.js SEO

// app/page.tsx
import type { Metadata } from 'next'
 
export const metadata: Metadata = {
 title: 'JavaScript Tutorial - BelajarKoding',
 description: 'Learn JavaScript from scratch...',
 keywords: ['javascript', 'tutorial', 'programming'],
 authors: [{ name: 'Galih Pratama' }],
 openGraph: {
  title: 'JavaScript Tutorial',
  description: 'Learn JavaScript...',
  images: ['/og-image.jpg'],
  type: 'article',
 },
 twitter: {
  card: 'summary_large_image',
  title: 'JavaScript Tutorial',
  description: 'Learn JavaScript...',
  images: ['/twitter-image.jpg'],
 },
}
 
// app/sitemap.ts
export default function sitemap() {
 return [
  {
   url: 'https://example.com',
   lastModified: new Date(),
   changeFrequency: 'daily',
   priority: 1,
  },
 ]
}
 
// app/robots.ts
export default function robots() {
 return {
  rules: {
   userAgent: '*',
   allow: '/',
   disallow: '/admin/',
  },
  sitemap: 'https://example.com/sitemap.xml',
 }
}

#SEO Audit Checklist

#Technical SEO

• HTTPS enabled
• Mobile-friendly
• Fast load (< 3s)
• No broken links
• XML sitemap submitted
• Robots.txt configured
• Canonical tags set
• Structured data added
• Core Web Vitals pass

#On-Page SEO

• Unique title tags (50-60 chars)
• Meta descriptions (150-160 chars)
• One H1 per page
• Proper heading hierarchy
• SEO-friendly URLs
• Image alt text
• Internal linking
• Keyword placement

#Content

• Original content
• User intent match
• Comprehensive depth
• Regular updates
• No duplicate content
• No keyword stuffing
• Engaging & valuable

#Off-Page

• Quality backlinks
• Social presence
• Brand mentions
• Guest posts
• Local listings (if applicable)

#Kesalahan Umum

#Tracking & Tools

#Free Tools

• Google Search Console - Essential!
• Google Analytics 4 - Traffic tracking
• Google PageSpeed Insights - Speed test
• Lighthouse - Built into Chrome
• Ubersuggest - Keyword research (limited)

#Paid Tools

• Ahrefs - Comprehensive SEO toolkit ($99+/mo)
• SEMrush - All-in-one platform ($119+/mo)
• Moz Pro - SEO analytics ($99+/mo)

#Key Metrics

• Organic traffic
• Keyword rankings
• Click-through rate (CTR)
• Bounce rate
• Dwell time
• Conversions
• Backlink profile

#Timeline Expectations

• Week 1-4: Indexing begins
• Month 2-3: Initial improvements
• Month 4-6: Noticeable gains
• Month 6+: Significant traffic

SEO is a marathon, not a sprint!

#Quick Wins

1. Fix technical issues (HTTPS, mobile, speed)
2. Optimize title tags & meta descriptions
3. Add alt text to images
4. Fix broken links
5. Improve site speed
6. Submit sitemap to GSC
7. Add internal links
8. Update old content

#Resources

• Google SEO Starter Guide
• Google Search Central
• Moz Beginner's Guide
• Ahrefs Blog
• Search Engine Journal

#Remember

Content is King, but Distribution is Queen. And she wears the pants.

Focus on:

1. Quality content that solves problems
2. Technical foundation (fast, mobile, HTTPS)
3. User experience (easy to use, navigate)
4. Consistent effort (SEO is ongoing)

Happy ranking! 📈